Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese : Brasil or República Federativa do Brasil , IPA : [ʁe'publikɐ fedeɾa'tivɐ du bɾa'ziw] [1] listen (help ·info ) most populous country in South America , and fifth largest in the world in both area and population. Spanning a vast area between central South America and the Atlantic Ocean , it is the easternmost country of the Americas and it borders Uruguay , Argentina , Paraguay , Bolivia , Peru , Colombia , Venezuela , Guyana , Suriname and the French department of French Guiana . In fact, it borders every South American nation except for Ecuador and Chile . Named after brazilwood (pau-brasil ), a tree highly valued by early colonists, Brazil is home to both extensive agricultural lands and rain forests . Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labor pool, it is South America's leading economic power and a regional leader. As this country was a former colony of Portugal , Portuguese is its official language .
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Area:
total: 8,511,965 sq km
land: 8,456,510 sq km
water: 55,455 sq km
Climate:
mostly tropical, but temperate in southTerrain:
mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal beltPopulation:
184,101,109
Languages:
Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, FrenchCapital:
Brasilia
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